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Item 10H SpreadsheetCIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM January 2004 Project # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 wo�, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 January 2004 11, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM 28 29 30 31 32 January 2004 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 N f, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 January 2004 11, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM January 2004 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 wo�, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 January 2004 wo�, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 SECTION I • GENERAL FUND N. CARROLL AVENUE WIDENING (FEDERAL WAY TO SH 114) PIN OAK CIRCLE ( FORMERLY KNOWN AS OAK LANE) PAVING AND DRAINAGE SIDEWALKS ALONG VARIOUS ROADWAYS CARROLL AVENUE-CONTINENTAL ROUNDABOUT FLORENCE ROAD REHABILITATION (N. PEARSON TO RANDOL MILL) T. W. KING REHABILITATION (SH 114 TO SOUTH OF BOB JONES) TMB PROPOSITION ONE ( PEARSON INTERSECTION IMPROVEMENTS ONLY-DOES NOT INCLUDE RANDOL MILL AVENUE INTERSECTION AND DECEL LANES ALONG MINOR INTERSECTIONS) W. BOB JONES REHAB (N. WHITE CHAPEL TO TW KING) PEARSON I.N. REHABILITATION (1709 TO FLORENCE) CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07 -08 TMB PROPOSITION THREE (HIKE/BIKE TRAILS) DOVE CREEK DRAINAGE IMPROVEMENTS N. WHITE CHAPEL (EMERALD STREET TO SH 114) T. W. KING REHAB (BOB JONES TO LAKE GRAPEVINE) E. BOB JONES REHABILITATION (N WHITE CHAPEL TO 4200 FT EAST) SHADY OAKS REHABILITATION (FM 1709 TO DURHAM) PUBLIC WORKS CENTER IMPROVEMENT BRUMLOW WIDENING (CONTINENTAL TO SH 26) MISCELLANEOUS CONCRETE PAVEMENT REHABILITATION SOUTHLAKE CORNERS CROSS-CONNECT DRIVE REIMBURSEMENT E. CONTINENTAL BLVD. REHABILITATION (S. CARROLLIBRUMLOW TO CROOKED LN.) E. CONTINENTAL BLVD. (BYRON NELSON TO BREEZE WAY) LOCALIZED DRAINAGE PROJECTS-MULTIPLE PROJECTS N. KIMBALL AVE. RECONSTRUCTION FROM SH 114 TO 1000 ft. NORTH SILVERWOOD CIRCLE RECONSTRUCTION CROOKED LANE (CONTINENTAL TO NOLEN DR) OUTDOOR COMMUNITY WARNING SYSTEM E. HIGHLAND REHAB (SH 114 TO WHITE CHAPEL) January 8, 2004 CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 SOUTH KIRKWOOD BRANCH CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS S. WHITE CHAPEL (FM 1709 TO CONTINENTAL) (ULTIMATE ROADWAY) SADDLE RIDGE RD., SAM BASS RIDGE, SODA RIDGE, SHUMAKER, SUNSHINE, SWEET STREET REHABILITATION CROSS TIMBER HILLS ROAD REHABILITATION CARLISLE RECONSTRUCTION ( CARROLL AVENUE TO RAINBOW STREET) SUBTOTAL SECTION II • UTILITY FUND REDUNDANT WATER SUPPLY (THROUGH KELLER ALONG FLORENCE TO PUMP STATION #2) N•2 SEWER INTERCEPTOR 8" SEWER LINE ALONG N, CARROLL AVE, (DPS East to SH 114) (IN CONJUNCTION WITH N. CARROLL ROAD WIDENING) 12" WATER LINE ALONG N. CARROLL AVE.(FEDERAL WAY TO STATE SH•114•IN CONJUNCTION WITH N. CARROLL ROAD WIDENING) 12" WATER LINE ALONG T.W. KING FROM PS #2 TO SABRE 20" TRANSMISSION WATER MAIN ON SH 114 (TOWN SQUARE TO N. WHITE CHAPEL) 12" WATER LINE ON FM 1709 (PARKWOOD TO N. WHITE CHAPEL) 12" WATER LINE ON SH 114 (N. KIMBALL TO BRIARWOOD) FLORENCE 1.5 MG ELEVATED WATER TANK 12" WATER LINE ON W. BOB JONES (TW KING TO N. WHITE CHAPEL) 12" WATER LINE ON RANDOL MILL ( RANDOL MILL BEND TO FM 1709) January 8, 2004 CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 8" WATER LINE FROM SH 114 TO RAINFOREST SUBDIVISION 12" WATER LINE ON SHADY OAKS (HIGHLAND TO W. DOVE) SHADY OAKS SEWER LINE (NORTH OF THE BASIN LINE TO FOX HOLLOW) 12" WATER LINE ON E. DOVE FROM N. CARROLL TO N. KIMBALL 12" WATER LINE ON E. CONTINENTAL FROM BRYON NELSON TO CHAMPION'S WAY HEATHERWOOD, HERSHAW, ROYAL OAKS, TWIN CREEKS SANITARY SEWER 12" WATER LINE ON N. PEYTONVILLE FROM FM 1709 TO RAVEN BEND (HIGH PRESSURE PLANE) 12" WATER LINE ON N. CARROLL AVE (DOVE TO CARROLL MEADOWS CT.) 8" WATER LINE ON W. HIGHLAND (WHITE CHAPEL AND SHADY OAKS) SHADY OAKS SEWER FROM THE BASIN LINE TO FM 1709 QUAIL CREEK ESTATES, WOODLAND HEIGHTS SEWER 12" WATER LINE ON EAST HIGHLAND (N. CARROLL TO KIMBALL) 8" SEWER LINE ALONG N. PEARSON FROM GRAY LANE TO JOHNSON RD. 8" N. PEYTONVILLE WATER LINE (LOW PRESSURE PLANE FROM FM 1709 TO WOODBROOK) 8" WATER LINE CONNECTING EXISTING LINES AT LAKES DR,IBURNEY LN, CASEY COURT (OAKS ADDITION) SEWER (FROM CARROLL TO THE CUL-DE-SAC) SUBTOTAL wl�l CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 SECTION III- SEWER IMPACT FEE FUND DEVELOPER REIMBURSEMENT FOR OVERSIZING SEWER UTILITIES-FUTURE PROJECTS SUBTOTAL SECTION IV- WATER IMPACT FEE FUND DEVELOPER REIMBURSEMENT FOR OVERSIZING WATER UTILITIES-FUTURE PROJECTS SUBTOTAL SECTION V • CCPD FUND NORTH DPS FACILITY EAST DIPS FACILITY SUBTOTAL SECTION VI • SPDC MATCHING FUNDS (GRANT) JOINT USE PROJECTS SPECIAL PROJECTS BOB JONES DEVELOPMENT GIRLS SOFTBALL COMPLEX NATURE CENTER IMPROVEMENTS TOWN SQUARE PARK-NORTH CARROLL AVE. January 8, 2004 CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 SUBTOTAL TOTALS wl�l CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 EXPENDITURES FY 2003.04 TO FY 2007.08 P RIOR EXPENDITTU E RE FU DS �' 200 11 U ary 2 04 FY 2004 FY 2005.06 FY 2006.07 $347,000 $2,172,000 $250,000 $110,000 $110,000 $110,000 $110,000 $150,000 $218,000 $100,000 $10,181,000 $1,850,000 $410,000 $874,000 januar 8, 2004 CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07 -08 EXPENDITURES FY 2003.04 TO FY 2007.08 PRIOR FUNDING I RESIDUAL F1' 200 h U ar 2 04 FY 2004 .05 FY 2005.06 FY 2006.07 EXPENDITURE FUNDS �1a� $2,730,000 $1,996,000 $100,000 $750,000 $135,000 $3,000,000 $35,000 $750,000 anuary , CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RF(;nMMFNfIFfI FY 03 -04 Tn FY (17 -(18 EXPENDITURES FY 2003.04 TO FY 2007.08 PRIOR FUNDING 1 EXPENDITURE RESIDUAL FUNDS FY 200 U ar 2 �1a� 04 FY 2004 .05 FY 2005.06 FY 2006.07 $336,000 $90,000 $111,000 $200,000 $14,000 $45,000 $74,000 $1,100,000 $14,389,000 $0 $3,000,000 $3,244,000 $2,856,000 $3,110,000 $6,603,000 $2,268,000 $1,249,000 $83,750 $336,000 $90,000 $200,000 $14,000 $45,000 $74,000 $1,100,000 $165,000 $200,000 $310,000 $2,550,000 $500,000 January 8, 2004 $930,000 CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S EXPENDITURES FY 2003.04 TO FY 2007.08 PRIOR FUNDING I MIUUHL FY 201 lUary 2�04FY 2004.05 FY 2005.06 FY 2006.07 EXPENDITURE FUNDS ai i �� $7,131,750 $0 $2,939,000 $3,024,000 $3,050,000 $3,032,000 0 f, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S EXPENDITURES FY 2003.04 TO FY 2007.08 PRIOR FUNDING I RESIDUAL F1' 200 3 �huary 2�04FY 2004 .05 FY 2005.06 FY 2006.07 EXPENDITURE FUNDS �1a� $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $0 $0 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $0 $0 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $1,440,000 $300,000 $300,000 $12,400,000 $1,045,440 $1,440,000 $0 $300,000 $300,000 $13,445,440 $0 $6,000 $200,000 $200,000 $400,000 $200,000 $2,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $7,000 $30,000 $30,000 $50,000 $50,000 $421,455 $500,000 $1,349,400 $10,000 $200,000 January 8, 2004 CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07 -08 EXPENDITURES FY 2003.04 TO FY 2007.08 PRIOR FUNDING 1 EXPENDITURE RESIDUAL FUNDS FY 200 U ar 2 �1a� 04 FY 2004 .05 FY 2005.06 FY 2006.07 $100,000 $15,000 $950,000 $900,000 $160,000 $412,000 $30,000 64,000 $50,000 $30,000 $0 $2,030,855 $250,000 $3,722,000 $384,000 $22,990,750 $0 $8,369,855 $6,918,000 $23,173,440 $6,626,000 M 7 1 .1=0 f CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 4M lf, wl Al FY 2007.08 I "w FY 2008 and Beyond TOTAL $2,519,000 $250,000 $110,000 $550,000 $150,000 $218,000 $100,000 $12,031,000 $410,000 $874,000 4M lf, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 0'1 %j/'lFl FY 2007.08 11L Nil IXVVLIV FY 2008 and Beyond TOTAL $4,726,000 $2,000,000 $2,850,000 $2,740,000 $5,875,000 $987,000 $987,000 $693,000 $728,000 $641,000 $641,000 $1,050,000 $1,050,000 $2,576,000 $2,576,000 $1,900,000 $1,900,000 $140,000 $140,000 $845,000 $845,000 $978,000 $978,000 $1,000,000 $1,750,000 $1,500,000 $1,500,000 $245,000 $245,000 $894,000 $894,000 $218,000 $218,000 $1,013,000 $1,013,000 -08 4M . 17 . Ill llI CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 0'1 %j/'lFl FY 2007.08 11L Nil IXVVLIV FY 2008 and Beyond TOTAL $360,000 $360,000 $3,641,000 $3,641,000 $2,004,000 $2,115,000 $1,320,000 $1,320,000 $600,000 $600,000 $2,850,000 $24,605,000 $54,054,000 am m -08 4M . 17 . Ill llI CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 0'1 %j/'lFl FY 2007.08 11L Nil IXVVLIV FY 2008 and Beyond TOTAL $220,000 $710,000 $315,000 $791,000 $132,000 $1,706,000 $1,909,000 $630,000 $675,000 $100,000 $100,000 $297,000 $297,000 $266,000 $266,000 $1,244,000 $1,244,000 $692,000 $692,000 $280,000 $323,000 $682,000 $682,000 $90,000 $90,000 $109,000 $109,000 $2,999,000 $3,097,000 $25,272,750 -08 4M . 17 . Ill llI CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07- $1,206,000 $20,000 $102,000 $50,000 A FY 2007.08 FY 2008 and Beyond TOTAL $50,000 $250,000 $50,000 $0 $250,000 $50,000 $250,000 $50,000 $0 $250,000 $14,440,000 $30,000 $1,075,440 $30,000 $ $15,515,440 $200,000 $1,206,000 $20,000 $102,000 $50,000 $217,000 $921,455 $1,349,400 $10,000 $200,000 Of, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 0'1 %j/'lFl FY 2007.08 11L Nil IXVVLIV F1' 2008 and Beyond TOTAL $100,000 $965,000 $900,000 $160,000 $412,000 $30,000 $64,000 $50,000 $270,000 $700,000 $7,386,855 $6,249,000 $18,402,000 $101,129,045 -08 4M F, Mr, f. ol, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDED FY 03 -04 TO FY 07-08 January Designing and constructing ultimate 4-lane section from SH 114 to Federal Way. The 12" water line & 8" sewer line projects along Carroll Avenue are companion project (See Utility Fund). Reconstruction of roadway and limited drainage improvements. City Council has committed to fund this project via a 380 Agreement between the City and developer. Construction of sidewalks near schools or in other areas where pedestrian traffic is high. May or may not be part of the trail system. Examples are S. Peytonville from Carroll High School to Stonebury Ct,, on Dove St. near Carroll Middle School, on Carroll and Highland near Johnson Elementary & Carroll Intermediate, and on Shady Oaks near Durham. Construct roundabout to replace the existing four-way stop and increase intersection capacity to 20,000 vpd. Rehabilitation of 6,000' of existing pavement. Tarrant County has agreed to complete this project in late 2004. Rehabilitation of pavement and necessary drainage improvements. Tarrant County has agreed to complete this project in in late 2004. The TMB Proposition One project was ranked #1 in General Fund category in FY 01.02 CIP ; however, many of the planned TMB # 1 projects will now be constructed using State funds instead of City funds. For example, the intersection of Randol Mill Avenue and FM 1709 will now be likely constructed by TXDOT in conjunction with the FM 1938 extension project. Also, the State Regional Transportation Commission (RTC) recently approved the City's application to be included in the 2002 Strategic Program Funding Initiative. This program allows the City to use Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) funds instead of City funds to construct all 16 deceleration lanes at minor intersections along FM 1709 from Jellico to Bank Street. As a result, the only TMB proiect remaining is the Pearson Lane intersection improvements. Intersections of Rehabilitation of 3,200' of existing pavement. Rehabilitation of 5000' of pavement. The project will be constructed following the redundant januar 8, 2004 water supply. CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RF(:f1MMFNf1Ff1 FY (13 -(ld TCl FY (17 -(1R JanuaryJQP4 Provide 8' hike and bike trails along White Chapel from Bob Jones Park to FM 1709 and along Brumlow from Continental Blvd. to SH 26.. Project includes channel widening, culvert crossing improvements, and/or detention ponds along Dove Creek. The detention pond will be developed first. Construction of ultimate 5-lane section from SH 114 to FM 1709. $135,000 approved in FY 2002.03 for preliminary engineering. Rehabilitation of 3,000' of pavement and necessary drainage improvements. Rehabilitation of existing pavement and associated drainage work. Rehabilitation of 4,000' of existing pavement and necessary drainage improvements. Upgrade of the existing Public Works facility (such as fire sprinklers, material bins, etc.) to bring this facility up to current federal, state, and local regulations. Widening of Brumlow to the ultimate street section (4 lanes divided). This project is intended to provide funds to rehabilitate various roads, particularly concrete streets with localized pavement failures. Roadways such as Dominion Dr., Brazos Dr., Mission Dr., San Juan Dr., Alamo Dr. & Ct., San Saba Dr., Redwinq Dr., and Killdeer Dr. may be rehabilitated usinq Reimburse developer for a portion of the cost of construction for a cross-connection drive from Southlake Corners to the Kroger Center. Rehabilitation of 3,200' of existing pavement. Replacement of some drainage culverts across Continental Blvd. Rehabilitation of 2400' of existing pavement and providing needed drainage improvements. Includes projects such as curb and gutter replacement, localized pavement replacement, and culvert and drainage system improvements in various locations city-wide. Possible locations: Dove Rd. (Carroll to Lonesome Dove), Hiqhland at SH114, Scenic Dr., and Pearson Rd. Reconstruct 1000' ultimate section (5 lane arterial, undivided) of N. Kimball Ave. Reconstructing 750' of pavement on Silverwood Circle within the Highland Oaks Subdivision. Rehabilitation of 2500' of Crooked Ln, from Continental to Nolen. Outdoor warning system located at major parks and the golf course to notify the community of an impeding severe weather or other threat. Rehabilitation of 6,000' of existing pavement, January 8, 2004 CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S JanuaryJQP4 Channel improvements along South Kirkwood Branch to alleviate flooding problems by widening and removing restrictions. Construction of ultimate pavement (5 lanes), Rehabilitation of the existing pavement, surface and base. Rehabilitation of 20,140' of road in the Cross Timber Hills Neighborhood. Reconstruct 1,800' from Carroll Ave. to Rainbow St. by adding curb and gutter and underground storm system. Redundant water supply from Fort Worth to Southlake, 42" line from Caylor tank to Pump Station #1. 24" line from Pearson to SH 114; 24" line on SH 114 to T.W. King; and associated pumping anuinmant Tha currant .T In" trancmiccinn lina is nvarlmdad Furthar dalav will racult in N•2 Interceptor is essential for the development of the DPS North facility and Aventerra property,Funds are needed to reimburse developers who are constructing the line and complete Project in conjunction with road widening. Replace 1250 LF of existing 6" line with new 8" line, Project in conjunction with the widening of N. Carroll Avenue from Federal Way to SH 114. The project replaces 1,900' of existing 6" water line with a 12" main along this section of N. Carroll, Construct 700 LF of 12" pipe. Without this line the system will not receive adequate water. Extend the existing 20" water line (9,000 ft.) through Town Square to connect with an existing 20" water line on White Chapel Blvd. Replace 1,450 L.F. of undersized 6" asbestos concrete water line with a 12" PVC line, Extend 1,400' of 12" water line to close a gap between two existing systems. Replacement of the existing 0.5 million gallon water tank on Florence. Project in conjunction with Bob Jones rehabilitation (N. White Chapel to T.W.. King). Construct 1,700 LF. of 12" water line. Replacing 8,300 L.F. of 6" water line with a 12" line, This project is in conjunction with the January 8, 2004 widening of FM 1938 (Randol Mill Avenue). The City is purchasing additional right-of-way along the west side of Randol Mill Avenue in order to accommodate the water line. CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RF(:f1MMFNf1Ff1 FY (13 -(ld TCl FY (17 -(1R JanuaryJQP4 Construct 2400' of 8" water line from SH 114 to Rainforest. The project has been designed and some easements have been obtained. Replace 5,300 L.F. of an undersized 6" water line with a 12" line, Extend 12" sewer interceptor on Shady Oaks (2,650 L.F.) from north of the basin line to Fox Hollow. Replace 6,700 L.F. of undersized 8" water line with a 12" line, Replace existing 8" water main with 1,200 LF of 12" water main. Provide sanitary sewer to the listed neighborhoods. Design work is completed. Replace 6,000 L.F. of undersized 6" and 8" water lines with a 12" main for the High Pressure Plane to increase flow due to demand. Replace 2,500 L.F. of an undersized 6" water line with a 12" line to increase flow. Replace 2,650 L.F. of an under sized 6" water line with a 8" line. Extend 2,200 LF of sewer main from 500' north of Love Henry Ct. to FM 1709 to serve this fast growing area. Providing sanitary sewer to Quail Creek and Woodland Heights. Replace 6,000 LF of undersized 6" water line with a 12" line, Construct an 8" sanitary sewer line along N. Pearson. Install 7,000' LF 8" water main to increase water flow due to increased demand. Connect 8" water line at Lake Drive & Burney Lane to the 6" water line at Palo Dura & Lonesome Dove by installing 1,150 L.F. of 8" PVC. Provide sanitary sewer to the Oaks Addition. KI�, CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S January,, ,QP4 Funds for future developer reimbursements for oversizing lines. Funds for future developer reimbursements for oversizing lines. Design and construction of DPS North Facility at the corner of White Chapel Blvd, and Dove St. Land acquisition, design and construction of East DIPS Facility, Annual funding set aside as matching funds for groups who propose projects and are able to match the city's funding share with their own funds. Funding earmarked for reimbursement to other entities (i.e. churches, CISD) for joint-use project development or use of facilities. Funding earmarked for unexpected opportunities that may not have been identified in advance. Substantial completion of Bob Jones ball field and recreation areas. Construct girl's softball complex to include four game fields with lighting, restrooms, concessions, fencing, lighting and bleachers. Construct Nature Center in Bob Jones Park or on the surrounding Core of Engineers land. Develop a 2.5 acre park to be dedicated to the City by Town Square. Includes landscape improvements, pavement treatment, benches and other amenities. January 8, 2004 CIP TECHNICAL COMMITTEE'S RF(:f1MMFNf1Ff1 FY (13 -(ld TCl FY (17 -(1R JanuaryjQP4 Develop a 6 acre park to be dedicated to the City by Town Square. Includes small scale improvements like sidewalks, benches and other amenities. Ongoing funding for neighborhood parks. Typical park improvements include trails, parking, benches, picnic areas, landscaping, etc. Funds to acquire new land for parks. This request is for the purchase of 40 acres for a lighted sports complex. Trail system implementation in key, high-use areas to compliment existing trails, make critical connections, or construction as part of other capital projects. Upgrade existing lighting on the large field at the former Texas School of Baseball for lacrosse. Two sand volleyball courts at Bicentennial Park. Lighting of the three outdoor basketball courts at Bicentennial Park Build storage area next to the existing Tennis Center for equipment. ��1