2004-05-03 BOA Minutes
CITY OF SOUTHLAKE BUILDING BOARD OF APPEALS
MAY 3, 2004
MINUTES
MEMBERS PRESENT: Kosse Maykus, Michael Vassios, Donald Coonan, Bob Lee, and
Theresa Lyons
MEMBERS ABSENT: Jerome Johnson
STAFF PRESENT: Garland Wilson, Chief of Administrative Services; Paul Ward,
Chief Building Official; Charles Bloomberg, Plans Examiner and D J Green, Secretary.
SPECIAL GUEST: Tom Fitpatrick from Austin, Texas.
AGENDA ITEM NO. 1: Call to Order.
The meeting was called to order by Kosse Maykus, Chairperson at 6:15 p.m.
AGENDA ITEM NO. 2: Approval of Minute for the April 8 2004 special Building
Board of Appeals meeting.
A motion was made to approve the April 8, 2004 Special B.B.A. meeting minutes.
Motion: Coonan
Second: Lyons
Ayes: Maykus, Vassios, Lee, Coonan, Lyons
Nays: None
Approved: 5-0
AGENDA ITEM NO. 3: Administrative Comments.
Administrative comments made by Chief Garland Wilson as to what will be discussed
during this B.B.A. meeting. The Fire Code concerning the sprinkler issue was referred
to; it may or may not be discussed during this meeting. A brief overview of the
International Energy Code will be presented by Chuck Bloomberg.
Introduction of a quest speaker, Tom Fitpatrick was made. He has been invited to answer
technical questions that the board might have.
AGENDA ITEM NO. 5: Discussion of the International Codes the International Energy
Code in particular.
Power point presentation presented by Chuck Bloomberg on the International Energy
Code.
Items covered in the presentation:
-Chuck Bloomberg's background - ICC certified, first person in the State of
Texas to be certified as an energy code inspector (2001).
1
-Tom Fitzpatrick, registered architect and energy code specialist at Texas
Engineering Experimenting Station which is part of the Texas A & M group. He
is from Austin, Texas. He has been involved with our committee at C.O.G.
-The two Code items being discussed tonight: The International Residential
Code, Chapter 11, which is the Energy Code Standards for one and two family
dwellings and the Energy Code Book itself.
-History of the Energy Code in Texas - E.P.A. said that our region was in a state
of non-atainment as far as the air quality was concerned. There is a Federal
mandate that says that we have to make certain progress toward attaining certain
standards by the year 2007 or the state will lose Federal funds.
-Terms used in the Energy code that may be new to a lot of people:
R-Value - a term used to describe the insulation value. Fore insulation in
ceilings and walls, the bigger the R-value number the better the insulation.
U-Value - is basically the reciprocal of the R-value. That means that the smaller
the number the better the insulation. Typically used to rate fenestration items.
Fenestration - a term used for openings such as doors windows and skylights.
The N.F.R.C. (National Fenestration Rating Council) rates these products.
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (S.H.G.C) - is a measurement of the radiated heat.
The smaller the number of this rating the better the radiant value.
There is a maximum of 0.4 rating.
Exceptions to the Code were discussed.
Building Envelope - defines the conditioned space.
Conditioned Space - the area that is heated or cooled for the purpose of human
comfort - heated to greater than 50 degrees or cooled to 85 degrees or less.
S.E.E.R. (Seasonal energy Efficiency Rating) - a term used when referring to
appliances such as air conditioning units. These units are labeled for the SEER
value.
The Energy Code applies to ALL building enclosed conditioned space. It regulates the
design of the building envelope to limit heat gain or lose. The energy code regulates
mechanical, electrical and other heating equipment for their efficiency. It also has some
regulations for pools and spas.
2
Chapter II of the IRC and TECC describes four was to comply with the Energy Code
when constructing a residential structure.
1) Prescriptive Method.
An example of a typical Residential Energy Code Review check sheet was shown and
explained.
2) Performance Approach called a RES check. This was developed by the Department
of Energy. RES check is free software program that can be obtained from the
government web address, www.energycodes.gov.
3) Systems Analysis Method. This method is permitted under chapter 4 of the Energy
Code. This method is not used often.
4) Energy Star system through TXU/Oncor is available locally. The current system
requires the 89 rating and also requires a systems analysis which demonstrates
performance above the International profile by a minimum of about ten or fifteen percent.
Overhang projection factor calculation
-show ceiling details
-flooring
Air conditioning rating
Heated swimming pools
Recessed light fixtures
Inspection
Conducted to determine if what was constructed is actually on the plans.
Review of the Power Point presentation
Sample Plan of an Energy Code Analysis
Floor is open for discussion. Questions/comments.
D. Coonan
Question: Is it true that the Federal Energy bill passed that air conditioning units must
have a SEER limit of 15 by Jan. 1, 2006?
T. Fitzpatrick
Answer: Confirms that there is a Federal ruling from the department of Energy. Courts
ruled that a SEER limit of 15 will come into effect as of Jan. 2006.
K. Maykus
Question: From a timing perspective, when does the enforcement period start?
T. Fitzpatrick
Answer: The enforcement period will start at the installation point.
3
Discussion of the SEER rating on air conditioning units. Average SEER at present is
about 12.
K. Maykus ask T. Fitzpatrick to guide the Board as to what the B.B.A. can or can not
legally do as far as setting limits on amending the Energy Code.
T. Fitzpatrick
The Board can set limits on the performance of components. The members of the Board
can set limits on component performance to be more restrictive. Example, you can
require higher levels of insulation or decrease the allowable heat transferred across the
envelope. You can take a systems approach. Example, you can change the standard
design so that basically the sum combination of heat transfer and equipment efficiency
will produce a level of annual energy improvement.
Definition:
H.E.R.S. (HOME ENERGY RATING SYSTEM) - basically performs an analysis of a
home's energy efficiency.
Discussion of a comparison between the H.E.R.S. 86 rating to the Residential Energy
Code Review.
D. Coonan
Question: Are there people in the industry who perform energy analysis on existing
homes?
T. Fitzpatrick
Answer: Home Energy Raters who are independent third parties will perform testing on
existing homes.
Guest speaker, Tom Fitzpatrick was asked to give a little background history on himself.
-He has been an architect for about twenty-five years
-Director of the Office Facility Planning or General Services Commission for
about thirteen years in Austin.
-Liaison for the Center for Energy Environment Resources
-Energy and Codes specialist
-Trainer related to Energy Codes and works with jurisdictions on their
implementation of their energy codes.
-Has been involved with the energy code issues for the last six years.
K. Maykus for T. Fitzpatrick
Question: Do you see a flaw or what are the holes that could be filled or what are some
opportunities that are reasonable to enhance energy conservation?
T. Fitzpatrick
Answer: The two biggest impacts have been the windows and air conditioning. The
biggest flaw has been in the sealing of ducts for air tightness. There has historically been
a huge problem in wasted energy; about forty percent of energy expended on air
conditioning. This problem has gotten better but has not been solved. Improvements
4
1. Windows
2. SEER rating on air conditioning units
3. Radiant barriers
C. Bloomberg
We could give out certificates recognizing that this house is , for example a Southlake
Energy Star Home if the builder has met all of the conditions that have been set up to
qualify.
K. Maykus
The Builders will agree to this recognition versus having monetary compensation. It sets
the builders apart from their competitors.
C. Bloomberg
It was mentioned at C.O.G. meeting last month that this is something that some builders
want.
K. Maykus
Question: Asked Tom Fitzpatrick if he would be able to test results given the 4 or 5
standards discussed and get results.
T. Fitzpatrick
Answer: Yes, to some extent we will be able to create some simulation and get results to
give back. Yes, we can tell you if things are likely to work out, we can help narrow
things and we will definitely get you a specific response about this whole producer result
in this range. It is time frame sensitive.
T. Lyons
Question: Is there any type of grant money from the Department of Energy for incentive
for existing homes to do something that would decrease their use of energy?
T. Fitzpatrick
Answer: Weatherization System Programs usually for low income families. I think those
are the only programs for grants for home improvement.
T. Lyons
Question: Are you working on anything that could be done for existing homes?
T. Fitzpatrick
Answer: Home energy ratings - I can say that I have not had any success in trying to
develop interest in this.
Discussion of new additions to existing structures/homes. The new addition must comply
with the Energy Code.
Discussion of Green Building Program. There is only one structure in the City of
Southlake, the Saber Building.
G. Wilson addresses the B.B.A.
6
Something will be put together for the board to look at as far as a more energy compliant
home. We can come up with a name for the program. We need to look at this
independently and try to put something together in that format so if we do these certain
things we can send you a couple of examples.
K. Maykus addresses the B.B.A.
The Building Staff has told us, the Board, of various things that will affect the energy
efficiency of the home. There may be some others when we, the Board, make our list
you may consider.
I propose us, the Board, to consider the ones that have been discussed tonight that might
make a difference and then you, the Building Staff, get back to us, the Board. So once
we make the decision as to what items we want to make as items in an exemplary
program, what are the grading points?
The Energy Code places limitations as to what the B.B.A. can change or make restrictive.
Discussion of a point system for an incentive program.
Items discussed:
1. Window standards/performance. Consider if one exceeds the percentage of the
envelope then the builder would have to do better on the U-factor or better on the
solar heating.
K. Maykus
Question: Is that something we can ask? Is that something that can be achieved?
T. Fitzpatrick
Answer: Yes
2. Air conditioning -heat and Air conditioning equipment. Higher SEER rating.
10 is minimum, 12 is the current standard and 13 will be the market standard
within the near future. Twelve and thirteen SEER ratings are extremely cost
effective.
3. Radiant barrios in the attic - insulation in the attic
4. Orientation of the house
5. Load calculation
6. Performance test of ducts/ducting
7. R-factor of insulation and type of material - air sealing quality
T. Fitzpatrick
It is the installation that governs how much of the R-factor you get.
7
Discussion of Attic ventilation. Attic fans as a source o f ventilation cost more to run the
fans.
Next meeting will be attended by the Fire Marshall who will speak to the issues on the
residential fire sprinklers.
K. Maykus
Ask the Building Services staff and Tom Fitzpatrick if it is reasonable to ask that the
Building Staff come back with the information discussed tonight in somewhat of a viable
form so that the B.B.A. might come up with a recommendation. There is a time frame of
about thirty days.
Thanks to Tom Fitzpatrick for coming to address the Building Board of Appeals.
Discussion of the lighting standard which has been much improved.
Last meeting the members of the Board were given copies of the 2003 International
Residential Code, 2003 International Building Code, 2003 International Energy
Conservation Code, 2003 International Mechanical Code, 2003 International Fuel and
Gas Code, 2003 International Plumbing Code, 2003 International Property Maintenance
Code and 2002 National Electrical Code as recommended by the North Central Texas
Council of Governments (COG).
Floor was opened for comments, questions or further discussion before a motion was
made to recommend adoption of the International/National Codes.
A motion was requested for adoption of the International/National Codes.
Motion: Lyons
Second: Coonan
Ayes: Maykus, Vassios, Coonan, Lee, Lyons
Nays: None
Approved: 5-0
International/National Codes adopted.
Discussion of when to meet next. June 14, 2004 was suggested. All agreed that the next
Building Board of Appeals will meet June 14, 2004 at 6:00 p.m. in the East DPS Training
Room.
Agenda for next meeting:
-Energy Incentives
-Presentation by the Fire Marshall on the residential fire sprinkler issues
8
A motion was requested to adjourn the May 3, 2004 Building Board of Appeals meeting.
Motion: Coonan
Second: Vassios
Ayes Maykus, Vassios, Lyons, Lee, Coonan
Nays: None
Approved: 5-0
Meeting Adjourned at 8:00 p.m.
Kosf May s, Chai son
ATTEST:
~ ~ JL-~
D J een, Secretary
9
• •
City of Soutblake 3
Deparlmenl of Public Safety
May 20, 2004
Mr. Tom Fitzpatrick
101000 Burnet Rd.
Austin, TX 78758
Dear Tom,
On behalf of the Southlake Department of Public Safety, I want to thank you for being our special quest at the
Southlake Building Board of Appeals meeting on May 3, 2004. I certainly appreciate your knowledge and
experience regarding energy conservation and building construction.
The board was fully confident of your comments and recommendations. Compliments were received from all
members of the board. We all learned a great deal from you that will be applicable for many years. I feel that
the success of this meeting was a direct result of your knowledge and experience.
The boards vote was unanimous to recommend adoption of the 2003 International Energy Conservation Code
with the North Central Texas Regional amendments. Southlake City Council will consider the IECC for
adoption in June, with an effective date of July 1, 2004.
Please know we appreciate all you do make Texas a better place to live.
Thank you for your cooperation and support to make the City of Southlake a better place.
Sincerely,
Paul Ward CBO
Southlake DPS, Building Inspection
PW
667 N. Carroll Ave. • Southlake, TX 76092
(817) 481-2810 • www.cityofsouthlake.com
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Proposed code (2003 IRC Southlake Amendment)
SECTION R313
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
(Smoke Alarms and Automatic Fire Extinguishing Systems)
Section313.3; Add sections313.3, 313.3.1 and 313.3.2 as follows:
R313.3 Automatic Fire Extinguishing Systems
R313.3.1 Standards. Fire protection systems shall comply with the appropriate International Building Code
standards and National Fire Protection Association standards. (See IBC section 903.3.1 through 903.3.1.3)
When sprinklers are installed in a dwelling having an attached garage, sidewall heads shall be installed on
the garage side of the common wall(s). The spacing of the heads shall be according to the coverage width in
the listing of the heads.
R313.3.2 Where required. An automatic fire-extinguishing system shall be installed in dwellings included
in the Scope (see section 101.2) of this code when the dwelling contains over 6000 square feet area
including garages but excluding exterior open porches, covered patios and eaves. This area measurement
shall be based on outside dimensions of exterior walls. For upper level attic type rooms, areas where the
ceiling height is less than five feet (5' 0") shall not be considered. For the purpose of this subsection, area
separation walls or fire barriers shall not be considered as forming separate buildings. Unfinished space
framed to permit future expansion of living area shall be considered as part of the living area. Joists designed
to support floor loads shall be assumed to be future living area.
Exceptions: Garages separated from the dwelling area by two layers of 5/8" type X gypsum
on the garage side only and a 60 minute rated door at any openings need not be considered.
This separation shall be by one of the following methods:
• Garage/ dwelling common wall is continuous vertically to roof deck. In
this case ceiling is not required to have fire protection.
• The entire garage is protected with the two layers of 5/8" type X gypsum
and only listed fire rated openings are permitted in the ceiling membrane.
When an addition to a dwelling is constructed or non-conditioned space is converted to conditioned
space so that the addition plus the dwelling exceeds 6000 square feet the entire dwelling shall be
sprinklered as required for new construction. Where the existing garage has 1/2" regular gypsum
only one layer of 5/8" Type X gypsum need be added to qualify for the exception above. See
attached drawings for separation details.
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DRAFT
AIR QUALITY STRATEGIES: BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Purpose
In an effort to improve air quality, conserve energy resources, and reduce the operation
and maintenance costs of buildings, NCTCOG's Building and Energy Advisory Board
was asked to develop a set of improved energy efficiency measures for buildings.
Background
Energy efficiency in buildings is currently addressed through the statewide energy code,
which is the 2001 International Energy Conservation Code and Chapter 11 of the 2001
International Residential Code. Since the implementation of this code, the Energy
Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University estimates that Texas has seen NOx
savings of approximately 1.14 tons/day from new single-family residential houses.
In March of 2004, NCTCOG's Executive Board passed a resolution endorsing the 2003
International Codes (including the 2003 International Energy Conservation Code) with
regional amendments. NCTCOG recommends that jurisdictions adopt these codes and
regional amendments with an effective date of July 1, 2004. NCTCOG expects the
Energy Systems Laboratory to find the 2003 International Energy Conservation Code to
produce more energy savings than the 2001 International Energy Conservation Code.
It is reasonable to assume that further energy savings may be seen through additional
energy efficiency measures. An appropriate method to address the issue may be
through an increase of 15% in energy efficiency by amending the provisions of the
energy code. To accomplish the given task of 15% increased energy efficiency and
based on the most current information this advisory board recommends the following:
Residential Recommendations
Starting January 1 2006 residential builders must comply with the energy code by one
of the following three methods:
1) Builders may show compliance through the use of REScheck residential compliance
software specifically designed for North Central Texas. The Building and Energy
Advisory Board will request Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to develop a version
of their REScheck software specifically for the North Central Texas region. This version
will incorporate the recommended NCTCOG amendments to the energy code and will
increase the pass level to 15% above code.
2) Builders may also comply with the energy code in North Central Texas by meeting
new prescriptive requirements, which will include a 13 SEER rating and a .54 U-Factor
requirement for windows. This prescriptive approach will also allow additional credits for
new technologies as quantified by the Energy Systems Laboratory and approved by the
Building & Energy Advisory Board.
3) Builders may comply with the energy code by participating in Energy Star (or another
approved above-code program), with 100% testing of houses. Energy Star houses are
generally recognized as being 15% above code. However, the Energy Star program
DRAFT July 1, 2004
allows batch testing of houses (usually only one out of seven houses are tested), which
allows significant room for error.
Nonresidential Recommendations
The Advisory Board recommends the following energy code amendments that pertain to
cool roofs, transformers, variable speed control, and lighting with an effective date of
January 1, 2006.
1) Cool Roof Amendments - based on California Title 24 standards for cool roofs.
2003 IECC
Add.
Section 102.5.4 Cool Roof product rating, certification and labeling.
Thermal emittance and solar reflectance of roof surface materials and roof coatings
for non-residential buildings shall be determined in accordance with product rating
requirements of CRRC-1, Cool Roof Rating Council, by an accredited, independent
laboratory, and labeled and certified by the manufacturer. If no CRRC-certified value
is available, the roofing product will use the default solar reflectance value of 0.10 for
low-sloped roofs on all buildings except 1 and 2 family dwellings, or 0.30 for other
than low-sloped roofs on nonresidential buildings, for high-rise residential buildings,
and for guest rooms in hotel/motel buildings.
Add to Section 202:
COOL ROOF is a roofing material with high thermal emittance and high solar
reflectance, or low thermal emittance and exceptionally high solar reflectance that
reduces heat gain through the roof.
LOW-SLOPED ROOF is a roof that has a ratio of rise to run not exceeding 2:12.
Amend the exceptions to 801.2 as follows:
Exception: Buildings meeting Section 806 provided sections 802.1.2, 802.2.4.1,
802.3, 803.2.1 or 803.3.1 as applicable, 803.2.2 or 803.3.2 as applicable, 803.2.3
or803.3.3 as applicable, 803.2.8 or 803.3.6 as applicable, 803.2.9 or 803.3.7 as
applicable, 804, 805.2, 805.3, and 805.5 are each satisfied.
Amend Section 802.2.4 by adding:
802.2.4.1 Mandatory Requirements for Cool Roofs.
All buildings with low-sloped roofs, except 1 and 2 family dwellings, shall require a
cool roof surface.
Exceptions:
1. Repairs of less than 50% of the roof surface in a twelve-month period.
2. Occupied portions of roofs.
3. Portions of roofs with vegetation.
A roof shall be considered a cool roof if the roofing product is certified and labeled in
accordance with CRRC-1 and meets conditions 1 or 2 below and, for liquid applied
coating products, condition 3. There are no prescriptive solar reflectance or thermal
emittance requirements for nonresidential buildings with high-sloped roofs.
DRAFT July 1, 2004
1. Roofing products that have initial thermal emittance £ln;tia, greater than or
equal to 0.75 when tested in accordance with ASTM E408 shall have a
minimum initial solar reflectance of 0.70 when tested in accordance with
ASTM E903 or E1918.
Exceptions: For low-rise residential buildings, concrete tile (as defined in
ASTM C55-99) and clay the (as defined in ASTM C1167-96) roofing products
shall have a minimum initial total solar reflectance of 0.40 when tested in
accordance with ATSM E903 or E1918, and a minimum thermal emittance of
0.75 when tested in accordance with ASTM E408.
2. Roofing products that have initial thermal emittance £;n;t;a, less than 0.75
when tested in accordance with ASTM E408, including but not limited to roof
products with metallic surfaces, must have a minimum initial solar
reflectance of (0.70 + 0.34 * (0.75 - £initiai)) when tested in accordance with
ASTM E903 or E1918.
3. Liquid applied roofing products shall be applied at a minimum dry mil
thickness of 20 mils across the entire roof surface, and meet the minimum
performance requirements of ASTM D6083-97 when tested in accordance
with ASTM D6083-97 for the following key properties:
* Initial tensile strength
* Initial elongation
* Elongation after 1,000 hours accelerated weathering
* Permeance
* Accelerated weathering
Add to Chapter 10 Referenced Standards:
CRRC - Cool Roof Rating Council, 1738 Excelsior Avenue, Oakland, CA 94602
CRRC-1 Product Rating Program... referenced in code section number102.5.4,
802.2.4.1
ASHRAE/IESNA Energy Code for Commercial and High-Rise Residential
Buildings
(ASHRAE 90.1-1999)
Amend 5.3.1.1 as follows:
Delete Exception to 5.3.1.1 and Table 5.3.1.1 B.
Add.
5.3.1.1.1 Cool Roofs. All buildings with low-sloped roofs, except 1 and 2 family
dwellings, shall require a cool roof surface.
Exceptions:
1. Repairs of less than 50% of the roof surface in a twelve-month period.
2. Occupied portions of roofs.
3. Portions of roofs with vegetation.
A roof shall be considered a cool roof if the roofing product is certified and labeled in
accordance with CRRC-1 and meets conditions 1 or 2 below and, for liquid applied
coating products, condition 3. There are no prescriptive solar reflectance or thermal
emittance requirements for nonresidential buildings with high-sloped roofs.
DRAFT July 1, 2004
1. Roofing products that have initial thermal emittance E;n;t;a, greater than or
equal to 0.75 when tested in accordance with ASTM E408 shall have a
minimum initial solar reflectance of 0.70 when tested in accordance with
ASTM E903 or E1918.
Exceptions: For low-rise residential buildings, concrete the (as defined in
ASTM C55-99) and clay tile (as defined in ASTM C1167-96) roofing products
shall have a minimum initial total solar reflectance of 0.40 when tested in
accordance with ATSM E903 or E1918, and a minimum thermal emittance of
0.75 when tested in accordance with ASTM E408.
2. Roofing products that have initial thermal emittance E;n;t;a, less than 0.75
when tested in accordance with ASTM E408, including but not limited to roof
products with metallic surfaces, must have a minimum initial solar
reflectance of (0.70 + 0.34 * (0.75 - E;n;t;a,)) when tested in accordance with
ASTM E903 or E1918.
3. Liquid applied roofing products shall be applied at a minimum dry mil
thickness of 20 mils across the entire roof surface, and meet the minimum
performance requirements of ASTM D6083-97 when tested in accordance
with ASTM D6083-97 for the following key properties:
* Initial tensile strength
* Initial elongation
* Elongation after 1,000 hours accelerated weathering
* Permeance
* Accelerated weathering
2) Transformer Amendments
2003 IECC
Amend Section 805.1:
General. This section covers distribution transformers, lighting system controls, the
connection of ballasts, the maximum lighting power for interior applications, and
minimum acceptable lighting equipment for exterior applications.
Add:
805.8 Distribution Transformers. Transformers shall meet class 1 efficiency level
per NEMA TP1-2002 or be Energy Star labeled. "K" rated transformers shall also
meet these efficiency levels.
3) Variable Speed Control Amendments
2003 IECC
Amend 803.3.3.6 as follows:
Variable Air Volume (VAV) fan control. Individual VAV fans with motors of 2-5 10
horsepower (18.8 kW) or greater shall be:
1. driven by a mechanical or electrical variable speed drive; or
DRAFT July 1, 2004
2. the fan motor shall have controls or devices that will result in fan motor
demand of no more than 30 percent of their design wattage at 50 percent
of design air flow when static pressure set point equals one-third of the
total design static pressure, based on manufacturer's certified fan data.
4) Lighting Amendments
2003 IECC
Amend Section 805.6 as follows:
Exterior Lighting.
All permanently installed outdoor
te tin
luminaires that operate at greater than 100 watts,
fighting; shall have a source efficacy of 45 60 lumens per Watt.
Exceptions:
1Where approved because of historical, safety, signage or emergency
considerations, or
2) Where controlled by a motion sensor.
ASHRAE 90.1
Amend Section 9.3.1 by replacing tables 9.3.1.1 and 9.3.1.2 with the replacement
tables in Amendment "g" to ANSI/ ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2001. [Note that
this may be found in the amendments to the 2001 (not the 1999) edition available on
the ASHRAE website, www.ashrae.org.]
TABLE 9.3.1.1 [included here for information, not for format]
Lighting Power Densities Using the Building Area Method
Lighting Power Density (W/ft2) old new
Automotive Facility 1.5 0.9
Convention Center 1.4 1.2
Court House 1.4 1.2
Dining: Bar Lounge/Leisure 1.5 1.3
Dining: Cafeteria/Fast Food 1.8 1.4
Dining: Family 1.9 1.6
Dormitory 1.5 1.0
Exercise Center 1.4 1.0
Gymnasium 1.7 1.1
Healthcare-Clinic 1.0
Hospital/Healthcare 1.6 1.2
Hotel 1.7 1.0
Library 1.5 1.3
Manufacturing Facility 2.2 1.3
Motel 2.0 1.0
Motion Picture Theatre 1.6 1.2
Multi-Family 1.0 0.7
Museum 1.6 1.1
Office 1.3 1.0
Parking Garage 0.3 0.3
Penitentiary 1.2 1.0
Performing Arts Theatre 1.5 1.6
Police/Fire Station 1.3 1.0
DRAFT July 1, 2004
Post Office 1.6 1.1
Religious Building 2.2 1.3
Retail 1.9 1.5
School/University 1.5 1.2
Sports Arena 1.5 1.1
Town Hall 1.4 1.1
Transportation 1.2 1.0
Warehouse 1.2 0.8
Workshop 1.7 1.4
DRAFT July 1, 2004
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