Item 7 - TIA
Traffic Study
To Serve
Southlake Commons
FM 1709 and White Chapel Blvd.
Southlake, TX
April 5, 2018
Prepared By
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. Study Procedure and Methodology
III. Existing Roadway Conditions
IV. Future Roadway Conditions
V. Existing Traffic Patterns
VI. Proposed Land Uses and Estimated
Trip Generation
VII. Distribution of Site-Generated Traffic
VIII. Access Spacing on FM 1709
IX. Deceleration Lanes along FM 1709
X. Sight Distance along FM 1709
XI. Recommendations to Improve Future
Traffic Conditions
XII. Summary
XIII. Supplemental Exhibits 1-3
Traffic Study Page 3
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
I. Introduction
Boydston Designs, Inc. (BDI) has prepared this study at the request of Curtis Young
with Sage Group, Inc. for the purpose of assessing traffic impact of the proposed
Southlake Commons development on FM 1709 (also known as Southlake Boulevard)
and White Chapel Blvd. in Southlake, Texas. A Traffic Impact Analysis and
evaluation of proposed improvements was prepared by Boydston Designs in 2010
and approved by the City of Southlake. Improvements proposed in that study were
constructed in approximate conformance its recommendations and with the
engineering plans subsequently prepared by Boydston Designs.
Access to the Southlake Commons development is proposed to occur via an existing
right-in, right-out drive with deceleration lane onto FM 1709 (Driveway A), an existing
driveway from the First Financial Bank site onto White Chapel Blvd. (Driveway B), and
a common driveway adjacent to a median opening on White Chapel Blvd (Driveway
C). The locations of these driveways are illustrated in Figure 1 (p. 9).
A vicinity map depicting the Southlake Commons site (referred to as the Church
Property in the 2010 TIA) and the existing First Financial Bank is shown below.
Traffic Study Page 4
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
II. Study Procedure and Methodology
This abbreviated Traffic Study has been prepared by Boydston Designs, Inc. (BDI) on
behalf of Curtis Young with Sage Group, Inc. for review by the City of Southlake. This
study includes trip generation estimates, directional distribution assignments that have
been modified somewhat from the previous traffic impact analysis, and a review of
existing sight distances at existing access points. Traffic simulations, level of service
calculations, estimation of intersection delays, and other more advanced intersection
analyses have not been performed.
The development under consideration consists of three mixed use retail buildings and
five mixed use office buildings. Table 1 lists the total floor areas of each anticipated
use category. The traffic from the existing First Financial Bank, which shares access
with the Southlake Commons development, is included in Table 2. Traffic estimates in
these tables have been rounded to the nearest whole number, which may result in
apparent discrepancies when comparing subcategories with total traffic estimates.
Trip generation for Southlake Commons has been determined based on anticipated
use data provided by the developer and in accordance with Trip Generation Manual,
9th Ed. and Trip Generation Handbook, 2nd Ed. published by the Institute of
Transportation Engineers (ITE). City-collected traffic counts have also been included
in this report for purposes of comparison.
III. Existing Roadway Conditions
The area of study is located south of FM 1709 and west of White Chapel Blvd. All
driveways referenced in this study currently exist, and no new ones are proposed at
this time. FM 1709 is a divided road with three lanes of travel each in the eastbound
and westbound directions with periodically spaced median openings for dedicated left
turn lanes. (At the time of the previous study, FM 1709 was an undivided
thoroughfare with a dedicated center left turn lane.) Dedicated right turn deceleration
lanes are present at the intersection of the driveway onto FM 1709 (Driveway A) and
with the intersection of FM 1709 and White Chapel Blvd. North of FM 1709, White
Chapel Blvd. is built to a five lane undivided standard, with two lanes each in the
northbound and southbound directions and a dedicated center left turn lane for a
distance of approximately 1,100 feet. South of FM 1709, White Chapel Blvd. is built
to a four lane divided standard with intermittent median breaks for deceleration and
left turn lanes for a distance of approximately 1,000 feet. A median opening is
located at the common driveway onto White Chapel Blvd (Driveway C). Beyond
these distances, White Chapel Blvd. is a two lane undivided road. The speed limit on
FM 1709 is 45 mph. The speed limit on White Chapel Blvd is 40 mph north of FM
1709 and 30 mph south of FM 1709.
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Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
IV. Future Roadway Conditions
No proposed roadway improvements in the vicinity of this project are known. The
Southlake 2030 Comprehensive Plan does not indicate any thoroughfare
improvements for FM 1709 or White Chapel Blvd. adjacent to the Southlake
Commons development.
V. Existing Traffic Patterns
The City of Southlake collects traffic data for a number of key street locations. From
the 2017 traffic data published by the City of Southlake, two 24-hour traffic count
locations are potentially relevant to this study. The first is located on FM 1709 near
the intersection with White Chapel Blvd. (indicated as 17E and 17W in the city’s
data). The second is located on White Chapel Blvd. and is located south of FM 1709
and north of Continental Blvd (indicated as 57N and 57S in city data).
FM1709
Eastbound: 26,321 vehicles
Westbound: 26,599 vehicles
Total: 52,920 vehicles
White Chapel Blvd.
Northbound: 4,934 vehicles
Southbound: 5,150 vehicles
Total: 10,084 vehicles
VI. Proposed Land Uses and Estimated Trip Generation
The land uses for the proposed Southlake Commons development are shown in
Table 1 on the following page. Trip generation for Southlake Commons has been
estimated based on a breakdown of anticipated usage provided by the developer.
Traffic for the existing First Financial Bank was tabulated based on data provided by
First Financial Bank for the week of August 15 – August 19, 2016. The busiest day
during this interval was used as the basis of estimating the bank’s daily traffic, and
allowance was made for thirteen employees in excess of the trips generated by bank
customers.
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Traffic Study Page 7
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
Estimated trip generation on the existing bank site and the future Southlake
Commons development is shown in Table 2 below:
Table 2 – Projected Trip Generation for Study Area
Land Use
(Density)
AM Peak Hour of Adjacent
Street Traffic
PM Peak Hour of Adjacent
Street Traffic 24-Hour
In Out Total In Out Total Total
First Financial
Bank 30 20 50 15 25 40 250
8,100 sf (4 lanes)
Southlake
Commons 126 26 152 50 172 222 1,701
(Table 1)
The table above was developed based on Trip Generation Manual, 9th Ed., published
by the Institute of Transportation Engineers. Where fitted curve equations were
provided by ITE, these were used to estimate generated trips. Otherwise, best fit
linear regression data was used.
Traffic Study Page 8
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
VII. Distribution of Site-Generated Traffic
In preparing its 2010 Traffic Impact Analysis for First Financial Bank and the Church
Property, BDI assumed the following trip distributions:
To and from the East via FM 1709: 35%
To and from the West via FM 1709: 30%
To and from the South via White Chapel Blvd: 20%
To and from the North via White Chapel Blvd: 15%
INBOUND MOVEMENTS: It is assumed that 65% of traffic approaching Southlake
Commons from the east will turn left to use the driveways onto White Chapel Blvd.
(Driveways B and C), while the remaining 35% will utilize alternate routes (such as U-
turns on FM 1709) to access Southlake Commons via the driveway onto FM 1709
(Driveway A). Traffic approaching from the north is also assumed to utilize the
driveways onto White Chapel Blvd. (Driveways B and C). It is assumed that 60% of
traffic using a right turning movement to access the site from White Chapel Blvd. will
enter the First Financial Bank driveway (Driveway B) and that the remaining 40% will
utilize the common driveway (Driveway C). Traffic approaching from the South is
anticipated to enter the common driveway on White Chapel Blvd. (Driveway C) using
left turning movements. Traffic entering from the West was assigned to the FM 1709
driveway (Driveway A). Turning movements at this driveway are limited to right-in/out
movements because of the existing median. It is assumed that all traffic approaching
First Financial Bank from the north and east will access it via its dedicated driveway
onto White Chapel Blvd. (Driveway B), that traffic from the south will access First
Financial Bank via the common driveway onto White Chapel Blvd. (Driveway C), and
that traffic from the west will access it via the shared driveway onto FM 1709
(Driveway A).
OUTBOUND MOVEMENTS: It is assumed that all eastbound traffic will exit the site
using a right-out at the FM1709 driveway (Driveway A). Northbound traffic is
assigned to use a left-out at the Common White Chapel Drive (Driveway C). Half of
westbound traffic is also assi gned to use a left-out at the Common White Chapel
Drive (Driveway C), with the remaining half utilizing a right-out at the FM1709
driveway (Driveway A), thereafter seeking alternate routes to return toward the West.
Southbound traffic leaving Southlake Commons is assumed to use the First Financial
Bank driveway (Driveway B) onto White Chapel and the Common White Chapel
Drive (Driveway C) in a 50/50 split. It is, however, assumed that all traffic from First
Financial Bank and departing to the South will exclusively use the First Financial
bank driveway onto White Chapel (Driveway B).
Traffic Study Page 9
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
Figures 1A and 1B that follow (not to scale) show schematics of the existing driveway
locations as well as the percentages allocated to each driveway turning movement
and intersection movement for inbound and outbound traffic, respectively. Left-in and
left-out movements are possible only at the common driveway onto White Chapel
Blvd (Driveway C). Other drives are right-in, right-out only. The intersection
percentages shown are percentages of total site generated traffic passing through
the intersection via each listed turning movement. Since some site generated traffic
bypasses the intersection, the sum of listed percentages is less than 100%.
Traffic Study Page 10
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
Traffic Study Page 11
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
Figure 2 below (not to scale) shows a schematic of the existing driveway locations as
well as estimated number of turning movements and intersection movements for the
AM and PM peak conditions. Expected AM turning movements are listed first,
followed by PM movements in parentheses.
Table 3 on the following page lists the resulting total turning movements of each type
for daily, AM Peak, and PM Peak conditions. Table 4 lists the intersection movement
totals and percentages.
Southlake Commons ‐ Inbound movements
Movement
Allocation
Fraction Daily AM Peak PM Peak Sat. Peak.
Right‐In at FFB White Chapel Drive 0.2265 193 29 11 18
Right‐In At Common White Chapel Drive 0.1510 128 19 8 12
Left‐In At Common White Chapel Drive 0.2000 170 25 10 16
Right‐In At FM1709 Driveway 0.4225 359 53 21 33
Total Inbound (Southlake Commons) 850 126 50 78
First Financial ‐ Inbound movements
Movement
Allocation
Fraction Daily AM Peak PM Peak Sat. Peak
Right‐In at FFB White Chapel Drive 0.500 63 15 8 10
Right‐In At Common White Chapel Drive 0.000 0 0 0 0
Left‐In At Common White Chapel Drive 0.200 25 6 3 6
Right‐In At FM1709 Driveway 0.300 38 9 5 6
Total Inbound (First Financial Bank) 125 30 15 22
TOTAL INBOUND MOVEMENTS
Movement
Allocation
Fraction Daily AM Peak PM Peak Sat. Peak
Right‐In At FFB White Chapel Drive 0.262 255 44 19 28
Right‐In At Common White Chapel Drive 0.132 128 19 8 12
Left‐In At Common White Chapel Drive 0.200 195 31 13 22
Right‐In At FM1709 Driveway 0.407 397 62 26 39
TOTAL SITE INBOUND 975 156 65 100
Southlake Commons ‐ Outbound movements
Movement
Allocation
Fraction Daily AM Peak PM Peak Sat. Peak
Right‐Out At FFB White Chapel Drive 0.1 85 3 17 6
Right‐Out At Common White Chapel Drive 0.100 85 3 17 6
Left‐Out At Common White Chapel Drive 0.300 255 8 52 18
Right‐Out At FM1709 Driveway 0.500 425 13 86 30
Total Outbound (Southlake Commons) 850 26 172 60
First Financial ‐ Outbound movements
Movement
Allocation
Fraction Daily AM Peak PM Peak Sat. Peak
Right‐Out At FFB White Chapel Drive 0.200 25 4 5 4
Right‐Out At Common White Chapel Drive 0.000 0 0 0 0
Left‐Out At Common White Chapel Drive 0.300 38 6 8 6
Right‐Out At FM1709 Driveway 0.500 63 10 13 10
Total Outbound (First Financial Bank) 125 20 25 20
TOTAL OUTBOUND MOVEMENTS
Movement
Allocation
Fraction Daily AM Peak PM Peak Sat. Peak
Right‐Out At FFB White Chapel Drive 0.113 110 7 22 10
Right‐Out At Common White Chapel Drive 0.087 85 3 17 6
Left‐Out At Common White Chapel Drive 0.300 293 14 59 24
Right‐Out At FM1709 Driveway 0.500 488 23 98 40
TOTAL SITE OUTBOUND 975 46 197 80
TOTAL TRIPS 1951 202 262 180
TABLE 3 ‐ DISTRIBUTION OF TURNING MOVEMENTS
Intersection Movement In Out Total In %Out %
NBL 0.0 146.3 146.3 0.0 15.0 11.5
NBT 0.0 146.3 146.3 0.0 15.0 11.5
NBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
EBL 0.0 146.3 146.3 0.0 15.0 11.5
EBT 0.0 341.4 341.4 0.0 35.0 26.9
EBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SBL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SBT 146.3 0.0 146.3 15.0 0.0 11.5
SBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
WBL 237.2 0.0 237.2 24.3 0.0 18.7
WBT 104.2 0.0 104.2 10.7 0.0 8.2
WBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
TOTAL MOVEMENTS 1,267.9
Intersection Movement In Out Total In %Out %
NBL 0.0 6.8 6.8 0.0 15.0 6.0
NBT 0.0 6.8 6.8 0.0 15.0 6.0
NBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
EBL 0.0 6.8 6.8 0.0 15.0 6.0
EBT 0.0 16.0 16.0 0.0 35.0 14.0
EBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SBL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SBT 23.4 0.0 23.4 15.0 0.0 20.4
SBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
WBL 39.1 0.0 39.1 25.1 0.0 34.2
WBT 15.4 0.0 15.4 9.9 0.0 13.5
WBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
TOTAL MOVEMENTS 114.5
Intersection Movement In Out Total In %Out %
NBL 0.0 29.5 29.5 0.0 15.0 15.5
NBT 0.0 29.5 29.5 0.0 15.0 15.5
NBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
EBL 0.0 29.5 29.5 0.0 15.0 15.5
EBT 0.0 68.9 68.9 0.0 35.0 36.3
EBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SBL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
SBT 9.8 0.0 9.8 15.0 0.0 5.1
SBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
WBL 16.7 0.0 16.7 25.6 0.0 8.8
WBT 6.1 0.0 6.1 9.4 0.0 3.2
WBR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
TOTAL MOVEMENTS 190.1
% of New Intersection
Traffic
TABLE 4 ‐ INTERSECTION MOVEMENTS ‐ FM 1709 AND WHITE
CHAPEL BLVD.
WEEKDAY TOTALS
AM PEAK HOUR
PM PEAK HOUR
% of New Intersection
Traffic
% of New Intersection
Traffic
Traffic Study Page 14
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
VIII. Access Spacing Along FM 1709 and White Chapel
The proposed Southlake Commons and existing First Financial Bank are expected to
share the single existing driveway onto FM 1709 (Driveway A). The centerline of this
existing driveway is located approximately 505’ west of the west curb line of White
Chapel Blvd, and its most easterly curb return is located approximately 35’ west of
the beginning of the transition for the dedicated eastbound right turn lane on FM
1709 as it approaches White Chapel Blvd. The nearest existing driveway on the
south side of FM 1709 is located approximately 515’ (centerline to centerline) west of
the existing driveway serving First Financial Bank and Southlake Commons.
City of Southlake driveway separation requirements along FM 1709 require a
minimum centerline driveway spacing of 500’. TXDOT access management
requirements specify a minimum edge to edge driveway spacing of 360’ at a speed
limit of 45 mph. The existing driveway location appears to meet both requirements.
IX. Deceleration Lane Requirements
The driveway onto FM1709 is served by an existing deceleration lane. Compliance
of this driveway and deceleration lane with current TXDOT and city standards has
not been investigated in preparing this report, however, BDI designed these
improvements in 2010 and is not aware of any deficiencies related to them. In the
event that the developer wishes to construct a median opening adjacent to the drive
approach onto FM 1709, it should be noted that a median opening in this location
would not comply with TXDOT standards and the likelihood of obtaining a median
opening in this location is very low.
The City of Southlake Driveway Ordinance No. 634 requires a deceleration lane for
speeds limits greater than 40 mph with more than 40 right tur ning movements per
hour, or for any driveway projected to have 50 or more right-turn ingress movements
per hour. For the First Financial Bank driveway onto White Chapel Blvd. (Driveway
B), this threshold is shown to be exceeded during both the AM peak and Saturday
peak hours (with 70 and 75 right turns per hour, respectively).
Due to a variety of grading challenges, utility clearance issues, and lack of adequate
horizontal spacing, and due to the fact that there are two existing southbound lanes
in White Chapel Blvd. in this area, with the right lane potentially functioning as a
deceleration and turning lane and the left lane acting as a through-lane, city staff
have expressed willingness to consider a variance from the conditions of Ordinance
No. 634. In pursuing this variance, BDI believes that concerns regarding restriping
and replacement/addition of signage will need to be addressed.
Traffic Study Page 15
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
X. Sight Distances Along FM 1709 and White Chapel
A detailed survey of FM 1709 and White Chapel to establish sight distances has not
been conducted as a part of this study. However, from recent field visits and
photographs taken of the site, the sight distance from the FM 1709 driveway
(Driveway A) to the west appears to be in excess of 1,000 feet. The sight distance to
the east appears to be in excess of 700 feet.
At the Common White Chapel Blvd. driveway (Driveway C), the sight distance to the
north is approximately 700 feet, while the sight distance to the south is approximately
432 feet, as measured in a piecewise-linear fashion from aerial photographs along
the northbound left lane (Ref. Exhibit 1). Due to curvature in the horizontal alignment
of the roadway, the sight line to the north extends over roadway shoulder and private
property, and future growth of vegetation or placement of obstacles in this area could
reduce future sight distance (Ref. Exhibit 2). A similar situation exists to the south,
where future growth of vegetation combined with a failure to trim undergrowth wo uld
also reduce sight distance (Ref. Exhibit 3). Recommended maintenance practices to
preserve sight distances are provided in Section XI. Curvature in the vertical
alignment of White Chapel Blvd. reduces the visibility to the north somewhat,
resulting in a visibility “local minimum” condition at the intersection of the south curb
of FM 1709 and the west curb of White Chapel Blvd. However, it appears that even
this location meets the visibility requirements for AASHTO’s intersection sight
distance, such that a 3.5’ object is visible from 3.5’ above grade at the common
driveway onto White Chapel Blvd. Visibility improves both to the north and south of
this location.
AASHTO’s intersection sight distance d = 1.47*V*t g, where d is the sight distance in
feet, V is the posted speed limit in MPH, and tg is the time gap, or time required for a
vehicle to accelerate into a lane of traffic. 7.5 seconds is considered a typical base
value for a passenger vehicle time gap, and this value is normally increased by 0.5
seconds for each lane the vehicle must cross while maneuvering. For the left turning
movement at the Common White Chapel driveway (Driveway C), a vehicle must
cross two lanes of traffic and a median approximately two lanes in width, so a time
gap of 9.0 seconds is used here. Thus the minimum intersection sight distance is
396.9 feet. For the case of single-unit trucks, the time gap is increased by an
additional two seconds, resulting in a minimum intersection sight distance of 485.1
feet, which exceeds the existing sight distance. Therefore, this intersection does not
comply with AASHTO design criteria for truck traffic. [The Civil Engineering
Handbook, 2nd ed., CRC Press, Chen and Liew, eds., 2003. Chapter 63, Geometric
Design.]
Traffic Study Page 16
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
XI. Recommendations to Improve Future Traffic Conditions
BDI recommends the following improvements to the site to improve the flow of traffic
in the future:
• Consider placing a stop sign and stop bars at the existing driveway exit onto
White Chapel.
• Prevent new planting of trees and shrubs, as well as placement of other new
obstacles at ground level, north of the Common Driveway onto White Chapel
(Driveway C). Maintain existing tree trimming practices to remove new
branch growth below bottom level of existing tree canopies.
• Trim trees and shrubs to prevent growth above the sidewalk south of the
Common Driveway onto White Chapel (Driveway C) below a height of
approximately eight feet above grade.
Traffic Study Page 17
Southlake Commons in Southlake, Texas April 5, 2018
XII. Summary
Sage Group, Inc. commissioned BDI to provide this Traffic Study in order to obtain
site plan and other necessary permit approvals for development of Southlake
Commons.
BDI estimated trips generated based on anticipated uses provided by the developer
in accordance with the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ Trip Generation Manual,
9th Edition and distributed these trips along the adjacent roadways in a
demographically appropriate manner. 2017 traffic volumes for FM 1709 published by
the City of Southlake were provided for comparison with Southlake Commons trip
generation calculations.
Because calculated right-in turn volumes exceed those allowed by the City of
Southlake without a right-turn deceleration lane, it has been recommend that the
client pursue a variance from Ordinance No. 634. The city may require alterations to
street striping and signage, as well as other remedial measures it determines to be
necessary, in exchange for granting a variance.
Exhibit 1
Sight Distance Measured
Along White Chapel
Exhibit 2
View Looking North from
Driveway C
Exhibit 3
View Looking South
from Driveway C